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Morpheus: Let me tell you why you're here. You're here because you know something. What you know you can't explain, but you feel it. You've felt it your entire life, that there's something wrong with the world. You don't know what it is, but it's there, like a splinter in your mind, driving you mad.

July 2008 Update:

 supplied the following papres:

Amin Cycle Detailed Analysis.pdf.
AminCycleCompleteAnalysis.pdf.
Effects of Gravity on the thermodynamic processes of Gases.pdf.

Personally I have never seen any place where Amin has claimed to over come friction.

Update:Seems that Amin has left town under the specter of some kind of farad. Keep that in mind when reading the following information. I've left it as it was for historical reference.

The URL and physical addresses are no longer valid.

Adam Briggs wrote a paper for his A-level physics research and Analysis project (course work). He chose the subject because it is something that he had never even glanced at before so it was a completely new and interesting topic to look at. It is posted here (90K PDF) with his permission.

Date: Thu, 19 Aug 1999 20:39:17 EDT
Subject: Hello Bob, This is Sanjay.

Hello Bob.

How are you? Havent talked to you for quiet a while now.  We have opened our brand new website selling engines and refrigerators running on the Amin Cycle. the url is: http://www.entropysystems.com.

Also look at the following magazines for more information on our engines.
September 1999 issue of :  Physics Today
September 1999 issue of :  Mechanical Engineering Magazine.
September 20, 1999 issue of :  Applied Journal of Physics Letters
September 24, 1999 issue of:  Science

Keep in touch Bob.  Hope to talk to you soon.

Sincerely,
Sanjay Amin

Entropy Systems Inc.,
8150 Market Street
Youngstown, OH 44512, USA.

                                                    Cover     Pg70    Pg71    Pg72    Pg73

"Entropy - The key To Unlimited Resources", ISBN 0-9643037-0-1, by Sanjay Amin.

Click on the pages to see the full text.

Amin Cycle:  [A text only version of this information can be found at http://www.csonline.net/bpaddock/.]

Mon May 06 12:02:08 1996:

       I'm always on the look out for things that exploit the anomalies of the immutable 'laws' of the Guardians of Status Quo.  Sanjan Amin has found a way to exploit Carnot's Cycle, what all thermal engines are based on, in such a way than many new devices can be built.  For example a chemical free air conditioning system that uses no freon or other CFC's as just one example... - Bob

        The following Copyrighted Information (C) 1994 is posted here with the  written permission, and at the request of its author Sanjay Amin.  It may be reproduced as long as this Copyright Notice remains and the information is reproduced intact.

        The following information explains the fundamentals of the "Amin Cycle", it comes from pages 67 to 70 (Chapter 5: "Carnot's Cycle on Considering The Gravitational Forces Into Account") of the book "Entropy - The key To Unlimited Resources", ISBN 0-9643037-0-1, by Sanjay Amin, Copyright 1994.

Sadi Carnot:

        Carnot's Cycle is the foundation of all devices which deal with heat.  It predicts the performance of an ideal device converting heat energy to power or transferring heat energy from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.  It is also the foundation of all other Heat Engine and Refrigeration Cycles.  It is the foundation of the engine in your car, the jet engine in an airplane, the engine in your lawn mower, the machine in your refrigerator and air conditioner and also of the power plants which drive the generators which produce electricity for your home.  Any machine which deals with the conversion of heat has to deal with the Carnot's cycle.

        The Carnot's Cycle is named after its originator, "Sadi Carnot", who was a French engineer and physicist.  In 1824 he examined the basic problems of the operation of the steam engine: the amount of heat supplied as compared with the work produced, the maximum amount of work that can be produced, the suitability of water as the best medium of power.  He identified the ideal conditions in which mechanical energy is produced from heat in a steam engine and in heat engines in general. In spite of his intentions, Carnot's work had no practical effect on the design of engines, but its greatest impact was on pure science, particularly on the studies of the thermal properties of matter.

        Sadi Carnot was born in Paris on June 01, 1796 and was named after a medieval Persian poet and philosopher.  Sa'di of Shiraz.  The writings of Shiraz were in vogue in Paris and Sadi's father was a member of the five-man Directory that governed France between the Revolution and the rise of Napoleon.  In this period of unrest, the family suffered many changes of fortune.  His father fled into exile a few months after Sadi's birth and three years later he returned and was appointed as Napoleon's minister of war, but was soon forced to retire.  A writer on mathematics and mechanics as well as military and political matters, the elder Carnot now had the leisure to direct his son's early education.

        Sadi entered the Ecole Polytechnique in 1812, which was considered as an institution providing a fine education and which had a faculty of famous scientists aware of the latest developments in physics and chemistry, which they based on a rigorous mathematics.  Napoleon's empire was being rolled back and European armies were invading France.

And soon Paris was besieged, and the students, Sadi among them, fought a skirmish on the outskirts of the city.

        Sadi remained an army officer most of his life.  Friends described him as reserved, almost taciturn, but insatiably curious about music, science and technical progress.  The mature creative period of his life began when Sadi transferred to the recently formed General Staff in 1819, and quickly retired on half pay, living in Paris on call for army duty.  Sadi attended public lectures on physics and chemistry provided for workingmen.  He was also inspired by long discussions with the prominent physicist and successful industrialist Nicolas Clement-Sesormes, whose theories he further clarified by his insight and ability to generalize.

        Sadi was always occupied with the problem on how to design good steam engines.  Steam power already had many uses then but was very inefficient.  The imports of advanced British steam engines into France after the war with Britain showed Sadi how far French design had fallen behind.  It irked him greatly that British had progressed so far trough the genius of a few engineers who lacked formal scientific education. British engineers had also accumulated and published reliable data about the efficiency of many types of engines under actual running conditions; and they vigorously argued the merits of low and high pressure engines, and of single-cylinder and multi-cylinder engines.

        The working steam engine was constructed about 1712 by Thomas Newcomen, a British blacksmith.  Very rapidly the Newcomen engine was installed as a power source for water pumps in coal mines throughout Britain.  It replaced cumbersome and costly horse-team-powered pumps.

        The early ideas regarding the essentials of the steam engine were very crude by today's standards.  Although it is called a steam engine the fuel being burned under the boiler actually provides the power for the engine.  Early experiments were not entirely convinced of this, however.  The power source for the steam engine was considered to be steam and the efficiency of the engine was measured in terms of the amount of steam it consumed.  Many of these early ideas did improve the steam engine considerably, especially those of the Scottish inventor James Watt, who patented the first really efficient steam engine in 1769. Watts engine was so efficient that he was able to give it away rather than sell it directly.  All the users of the engines had to pay Watt was the money saved on fuel costs for the first three years of operation of the engine.  Watt and his partner Matthew Boulton became wealthy, and the Industrial Revolution in England received a tremendous boost from a new source of cheap power.

        Convinced that France's inadequate development of the steam engine technology was a factor in its downfall, Sadi began to write a nontechnical work on the efficiency of steam engines.  In his book, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire, published in 1824, Carnot tackled the essence of the process of heat engines, not concerning himself as others had done with its mechanical details.

        He saw that, in a steam engine, motive power is produced when heat drops from a higher temperature of the boiler to the lower temperature of th e condenser, just like water when falling provides power in a water-wheel.  He worked within the framework of the caloric theory of heat, assuming that heat was a gas which could be neither created nor destroyed.  Though the assumption was incorrect and Carnot himself had doubts about it even while he was writing  many of his results were nevertheless true, notable the prediction that the efficiency of an idealized engine depends only on the temperature of its hottest and coldest parts and not on the substance (steam or any other fluid) which drives the mechanism.

        Although formally presented to the Academy of Sciences and given an excellent review in the press, the work was completely ignored until 1834, when Emile Clapeyron a railroad engineer, quoted and extended Carnot's results.  Several factors might account for this: the number of copies printed was limited and the dissemination of scientific literature was slower, and such a work was hardly expected to come from France, which was considered very backwards in steam technology. Eventually Carnot's views were incorporated by the thermodynamic theory as it was developed by Rudolf Clausin in Germany (1850) and William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) in Britain (1851).

        When Carnot formulated his theory gravity was totally ignored as the technology then was so underdeveloped that it is hard to imagine if anyone would even think that gravity can have any subsequent impact on the processes of the steam engine.  And gravity is the leading lady of the Amin Cycle.

The following introduction is from "Gravitational Reflections in Plain English and Cold Stones" by Pierre Charles of Sacramento, CA. It seems fitting to almost all of the information presented in these pages...

Introduction:

I hesitate to discuss the new physics with most of the population, not that I do not want people to know, but because of the built-in opposition from the population's academic training and the possible misuse of this recently rediscovered source of understanding and power. Following close behind is the possible impact on the economic and control systems over the masses.

We are all slaves to this closed system of things to a degree. For example, we now live in a world of great knowledge and power; unfortunately, it is misdirected, so to live in relative comfort we hold an 8 to 5 job, wear clothes, drive cars, eat food all brought to us by others, and live in a house built by others and usually owned by the bank. Net result: both partners must work away from the home to support it. Meanwhile, the government takes back [more than] 50% to support those who cannot or will not work, and, of course, maintain the existing framework. The children spend most of the day being trained by others to fit into the existing framework, etc., etc.

This bring us to the opposition from academic-trained people, most are copies of copies, 10th generation receivers of what is unquestioningly taught as the eternal truth. Most are so far removed from the original information and thoughts that they do not recognize it and they oppose with great tenacity anyone who dares to defy their implanted ideas. This information will also disturb the traditionally religious people; I don't need to expand on the dangers there...

The New Physics:

To Truly grasp the new physics we must keep two things present in our minds:

1) The New Physics is actually a retrieval of the old or ancient physics,

2) The ancient physics encompassed all things; therefore, you must look at all things, you must remove all academic barriers from your present, considerably large body of knowledge and merge this with the eastern and ancient thoughts. If you find yourself laughing or ridiculing, then you will not find the valuable thread of information that you need...

Little remains of the ancient physics but it can be found nevertheless - for it has been preserved, often by those who had little or no true knowledge of the symbols that they considered sacred..."

If hyperspace navigators get paid by the hour, then what is the pay-scale in a place where time has no meaning?

(FROM THE US NAVAL OBSERVATORY)